The Importance of Improving the Digital Divide between All Countries of Different Socio

Introduction Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have emerged as the most important tools for development through their ability to connect people to information and knowledge. Through inventions such as the internet, people’s lives have been transformed and the world has been converted into a global village.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Importance of Improving the Digital Divide between All Countries of Different Socio-Economic Climates specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Policy makers and scientists agree that ICT can play an important role in promoting development in a country. However, for this positive role of ICT to be realized, people have to enjoy adequate access to the ICT resources. As it currently stands, there is a great disparity in access between nations and this has led to a digital divide. These divide has been driven by socio-economic climates with the developed c ountries benefiting greatly from technology while developing countries do not enjoy the benefits accrued from the utilization of ICTs. This paper will discuss the importance of improving the Digital Divide between all countries of different socio-economic climates. It will begin by defining what the digital divide is and proceed to highlight some of the negative impacts of this divide. Digital Divide: A Definition The term divide is used to indicate a disparity between two parties in some context. Pick and Azari (2008) define the digital divide as the â€Å"rapidly growing disparities in the utilization, expenditure, and availability of technology between individuals, businesses, and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels† (p.91). As at 2004, the World Economic Forum reported that 88% of internet users were individuals from developed nations and this set of nations made up only 15% of the world population (Pick Azari, 2008). This points to a major division in th e intensity of ICT utilization in the world. There are two major types of digital divides. The first is the absolute difference in telecommunication infrastructure between nations while the second is the disparity within a nation between those who have effective access to communication resources and those who do not. Impacts of Digital Divide The digital divide puts the poorer nations that are unable to afford the relevant technology and the poor households who do not have effective access to communication resources available in their countries at a disadvantage. Because of the digital divide, most developing countries suffer from an acute lack of individuals with IT skills. The countries are therefore unable to make use of the vast amount of information that is accessible through the internet. Such countries continue to lurk behind when compared to the developing nations that have this valuable information at their disposal. Research indicates that millions of people in Africa do n ot have access to the internet and without this ability to communicate effectively; the continent will remain â€Å"poor and isolated, lacking the basic means to participate in the global society† (Allam 2007, p. 341).Advertising Looking for research paper on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In a world that is striving to create equality among all people, the digital divide promotes inequalities. Stevenson (2009) notes that â€Å"the socioeconomic demographics of the digital divide reproduce earlier inequalities based on class, race, and gender† (p.1). The digital divide is therefore not only limited to technology but it has the effect of accentuating the aforementioned inequalities. The link between access to ICT and economic well-being is elaborated by The Herald (2012) which reports that more than 90% of American adults of a upper middle class economic level had wired high-speed internet at their homes. Thi s is in contrast to the poor who have to rely on public access computing services in places such as libraries. The lack of adequate ICTs in developing countries has decreased the efficiency of many companies and made the cost of doing business prohibitive for some. Due to the digital divide, some organizations have limited exposure to information technology. Their expenses are higher since they do not have the adequate information to run efficiently and effectively. Organizations are at times unable to take advantage of technological advances and they continue to be disadvantaged at the global market. These companies are also unable to make adequate profits due to inequitably distribution of ICT resources. Pick and Azari (2008) observe that there is an uneven distribution of the benefits of ICT between developing and developed counties and this has a bearing on the productivity of companies in the respective countries. Importance of Improving the Digital Divide Improving the digital divide will provide nations with the knowledge needed to fuel their development. Information plays a crucial role in today’s knowledge based economy. It has become an essential component in the realization of a sustainable economic growth especially in the developing nations of the world. Allam (2007) argues that information, which is available easily and efficiently through well-developed ICTs, can lead to knowledge and this knowledge acts as the basis for development. By bridging the digital divide, all countries will have the opportunity to access this vast pool of information and knowledge available online. By doing this, the nations will experience economic growth as they exploit the knowledge provided through ICTs. The developed nations of the world have achieved their impressive economic growth and productivity due to technological changes. Through aggressive utilization of communication technologies, businesses and industries in these countries have been able to resh ape themselves and enhance their efficiency and effectiveness.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Importance of Improving the Digital Divide between All Countries of Different Socio-Economic Climates specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Pick and Azari (2008) assert that the expansion of ICT has stimulated productivity by shortening product life cycles for manufacturers and reducing the importance of distance while conducting business. Improving the digital divide will ensure that developing nations have the same opportunity to enjoy efficiency and heightened productivity. As such, countries will be able to compete on an international level more proficiently if the digital divide is reduced or done away with completely. Improving the digital divide will give all nations an opportunity to benefit economically from e-commerce, which is fast becoming the future of business. The business world today is signific antly influenced by the e-commerce phenomenon that offers many major advantages to businesses everywhere. For this new way of doing business to take place, participants must have good telecommunications networks that will enable them to conduct business deals, share commercial information, and maintain business relationships (Zwass 2003). The efficiency and convenience offered by e-commerce has made it very attractive to the market and consumers and businesspeople in developing countries have exploited this technology to their advantage. As such, the industrialized countries have been the main beneficiaries of e-commerce due to their well-developed ICT infrastructure. If the digital divide is improved, developing nations will also be able to benefit from such opportunities. Day (2009) observes that by encouraging small and medium sized businesses in developing countries to embrace e-commerce, economic growth can be promoted in the country. The very act of improving the digital divid e will lead to a creation of many jobs and business opportunities for the community. Bridging the digital divide will require a marked improvement in the telecommunication infrastructure of the nation in question and an increase in the level of skills for using ICT (Norris 2001). Improving infrastructure will make use of the local labour force, which will be utilized in the physical setting up of communication devices. Once the infrastructure is in place, people will have to be trained to become adept at utilizing ICT resources. This will lead to the creation of a new market for trainers who will be responsible for developing the labour force proficient in the use of ICT. Improving the digital divide will increase the learning opportunities for the citizens of the country regardless of their socioeconomic status. Technological advances over the decade have made it possible to engage in innovative methods of education such as online learning.Advertising Looking for research paper on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Online education has not only made education accessible to more people but it has also decreased the cost of education significantly. Traditionally, people of low-income standings have been locked out of education due to its relatively high cost. With technology, education is relatively cheaper and therefore within the reach of this lower income group. In addition to this Haythornthwaite (2004) asserts that through online education, the capacity of educational institutions can be expanded therefore overcoming the problem of resource limitation that many developing nations face. Increased learning opportunities will translate to increased job opportunities for the citizens of the nation therefore improving the economic status of individuals and the nation as a whole. Improving the digital divide will ensure that all world citizens are given equal opportunity to benefit from ICT resources. The current disparities that exist have led to a scenario where some are empowered through their limitless access to ICT while others suffer from a lack of access to ICT. The individuals with access have been able to improve their livelihood through the ICT and continue to access even more oncoming technology. On the other hand, the other group suffers from limited development due to the lack of access. This later group is mostly confined to the developing countries, which do not have adequate access to the information and communication technologies that are needed to improve their livelihoods. If the digital divide is bridged, this disenfranchised group will have the opportunities needed to participate in an information society and economy with positive outcomes for their livelihoods. Improving the digital divide will lead to better governance since it will lead to societies that are more democratic. Couldry (2007) suggests that the digital divide has a consequence on the working of democracy with inequality of access being accompanied by less accountability and non-democrati c governance. Increased access to the ICT and especially the internet will enhance the creation of democratic society by fostering public participation in the issues of governance. Through the internet, people who were previously voiceless will have a say in their government and engage more in the decision making process. Bridging the digital divide will ensure that more people are able to access common spaces where they can safely and confidently engage with each other on public issues (Couldry 2007). ICT will also provide the administration with a more effective way of providing feedback to citizens. The values of democracy will therefore be promoted by improving the digital divide. Improving the digital divide might lead to the resolution of the social inequalities that have plagued society for centuries. In the attempt to bridge the digital divide, the deeper social inequalities will have to be addressed. Stevenson (2009) elaborates that improving the digital divide will entail more than just providing access to ICTs for members of the society who previously lacked this access. Even if the populations at risk are given access to ICTs, they might be unable to use it to significantly improve their life-chances if the issues of social or economic inequality are not addressed. Stevenson (2009) declares that while addressing the problem of physical access is a step in the right direction, it must be augmented by the resolution of deeper social inequalities. Bridging the digital divide will therefore lead to a lasting solution to inequality issues. Conclusion The ICT revolution that has taken place over the last decade has led to immense benefits being enjoyed globally. However, these benefits of ICT have been confined to some sections of society therefore creating a digital divide. This paper set out to discuss the importance of improving the digital divide. It has noted that bridging the digital divide will be integral to the acceleration of economic growth an d development in most developing countries. From the discussions given in this paper, it is clear that improving the digital divide will lead to many benefits for nations and individuals from all socioeconomic groups. Governments and organizations should therefore engage in steps to implement solutions that will eliminate the digital divide and therefore ensure that all people enjoy the benefits of ICT. References Allam, A 2007, ‘Open Access Towards Bridging the Digital Divide–Policies and Strategies for Developing Countries’, Information Technology for Development, vol. 13, no.4, pp. 337–361. Couldry, N 2007, ‘New Media for Global Citizens’, The Future of the Digital Divide Debate, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 249-261. Day, A 2009, Large organisations role in bridging the digital divide, https://cyber.harvard.edu/wsis/Day.html. Haythornthwaite, C 2004, Learning, culture, and community in online education: research and practice, Peter Lang, Quebec. Nor ris, P. 2001. Digital divide: Civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Pick, JB Azari, R 2008, ‘Global Digital Divide: Influence of Socioeconomic, Governmental, and Accessibility Factors on Information Technology’, Information Technology for Development, vol. 14 no.2, pp. 91–115. Stevenson, S 2009, ‘Digital Divide: A Discursive Move Away from the Real Inequities’, The Information Society, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 1–22. The Herald 2012, Bridging the digital divide, https://www.heraldnet.com/opinion/bridging-the-digital-divide/. This research paper on The Importance of Improving the Digital Divide between All Countries of Different Socio-Economic Climates was written and submitted by user Norah Stuart to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Advanced Audio Coding and Walkman Essays

Advanced Audio Coding and Walkman Essays Advanced Audio Coding and Walkman Essay Advanced Audio Coding and Walkman Essay Technology has played an of import in portion in market and in the society. It has brought positive every bit good as negative alterations. The patterned advance from sheet music to the innovation of a record player to the Walkman. Cadmium participant and the iPod has created a modernised society. Peoples tend to travel along with these alterations making a market. The thought of reassigning digital music to your iPod without purchase of a Cadmium or an audiotape may look like an extraordinary thought but the thought of digital music has led to the downloading of illegal music. The Walkman may hold been the turning point in the music entering industry. It was a concatenation reaction for ulterior merchandises such as the iPod and the CD participant. Long before the iPod made its manner into the market doing 1000000s ; the Walkman was the voguish engineering. Sony introduced the Walkman in the seventiess. a new innovation that led to be a monolithic hit. Sony ended up selling around 50 thousand pieces by the terminal of two months after its release. Finally. other celebrated trade names such as Toshiba and Panasonic entered the walkman market making a market in the early 1980s. Surprisingly. the production of the Walkman led to an addition in physical activities. This portable device could be carried anywhere and had a hook to attach to any point of vesture. Peoples started exerting more as one can listen to his or her pick of music while working out particularly in secondary schools. This brought a alteration in the society as people began to implement physical preparation more frequently. This besides had a disadvantage since people who had their earphones plugged in tend to be more apathetic to their milieus. This created an environment. where everyone is tuned in into their small environment being unmindful to what is go oning around them. With the creative activity of Walkman. the sale of digital sound tapes besides increased. As iPods are the twenty-first century popular signifiers of music participant engineering. the Walkman was the latest thing. This coevals became more wired’ as adolescents started to turn apart from the impression of immature people together singing the vocals of the twenty-four hours or the old vocals in forepart of their houses. Sheet music became disused. as fewer and fewer people moved to a more modernised engineering and epoch. Comparing to the progresss in the twenty-first century. the Walkman is seen as an old portable sound cassette participant. where rewinding and send oning a vocal would take 20 or 30 seconds. The latest music engineering. mp3s or iPod. hold put people at an easiness with sophisticated engineering and its touch screen show has bought a alteration in this profit-making concern. The slipperiness construction and the advanced A Walkman today would be you simply twenty dollar where as an iPod can be anyplace from a hundred to a twosome hundred dollars. How digital music is illicitly downloaded and used today on music participants. Walkman on the other manus required the purchase of audiotapes. As Paul Du Gay notes in his book Doing cultural surveies: the narrative of the Sony Walkman’ . the Walkman accustomed persons to tune out from the milieus and caused them to be recluse. This besides led to a cause of a gneration spread between adolescents and their parents or older siblings. The Walkman was used by people when in crowded topographic points. such as trains or coachs as a agency to submerge away noises. This seemed as an effectual manner to making your ain infinite but this finally leads to people tuning themselves out even when at place. Adolescents liked to maintain their earphones on throughout the twenty-four hours ; I believe this led to a distance between them and their equals. Finally. a type of distance grew among people. sheet music was about nonextant and the customary rite of singing together was far disappeared. In decision. the Walkman has decidedly been a leap from the traditional tape recording equipment participants to portable audio participants. Its creative activity has had its advantages and disadvantages. The addition in the degree of physical activity has increased among the proprietors of Walkman due to the fact that it is portable. Although. on a downside the Walkman has besides led to the creative activity of a privy attitude.

USS Maine Explosion and the Spanish-American War

USS Maine Explosion and the Spanish-American War The sinking of USS Maine took place on February 15, 1898, and contributed to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War that April. After years of unrest in Cuba, tensions began to re-escalate in the 1890s. Seeking to calm the American public, which had been calling for intervention, and to protect business interests, President William McKinley ordered the US Navy to dispatch a warship to Havana. Arriving in January 1898, USS Maine sank on February 15 after an explosion tore through the ship. Initial reports concluded that Maine had been sunk by a naval mine. Sparking a wave of outrage across the United States, the loss of the ship helped push the nation towards war. Though a later report in 1911 also concluded that a mine caused the explosion, some began to believe that it was the result of a coal dust fire. A subsequent investigation in 1974 also favored the coal dust theory though its findings have been contested. Background Since the late 1860s, efforts had been underway in Cuba to end Spanish colonial rule. In 1868, the Cubans began a ten-year rebellion against their Spanish overlords. Though it was crushed in 1878, the war had generated widespread support for the Cuban cause in the United States. Seventeen years later, in 1895, the Cubans again rose up in the revolution. To combat this, the Spanish government dispatched General Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau to crush the rebels. Arriving in Cuba, Weyler began a brutal campaign against the Cuban people which involved the use of concentration camps in rebellious provinces. This approach led to the death of over 100,000 Cubans and Weyler was promptly nicknamed the Butcher by the American press. Stories of atrocities in Cuban were played up by the yellow press, and the public put increasing pressure on Presidents Grover Cleveland and William McKinley to intervene. Working through diplomatic channels, McKinley was able to defuse the situation and Weyler was recalled to Spain in late 1897. The following January, supporters of Weyler began a series of riots in Havana. Concerned for American citizens and business interests in the area, McKinley elected to send a warship to the city. Arriving in Havana After discussing this course of action with the Spanish and receiving their blessing, McKinley passed his request to the US Navy. To fulfill the presidents orders, the second-class battleship USS Maine was detached from the North Atlantic Squadron at Key West on January 24, 1898. Commissioned in 1895, Maine possessed four 10 guns and was capable of steaming at 17 knots. With a crew of 354, Maine had spent the entirety of its brief career operating along the eastern seaboard. Commanded by Captain Charles Sigsbee, Maine entered Havana harbor on January 25, 1898. USS Maine entering Havana harbor, January 1898. US Department of Defense Anchoring in the center of the harbor, Maine was afforded the usual courtesies by the Spanish authorities. Though the arrival of Maine had a calming effect on the situation in the city, the Spanish remained wary of American intentions. Wishing to prevent a possible incident involving his men, Sigsbee restricted them to the ship and no liberty was given. In the days after Maines arrival, Sigsbee met regularly with the US Consul, Fitzhugh Lee. Discussing the state of affairs on the island, they both recommended that another ship be sent when it was time for Maine to depart. Rear Admiral Charles D. Sigsbee. US Naval History and Heritage Command Loss of Maine At 9:40 on the evening of February 15, the harbor was lit by a massive explosion that ripped through the forward section of Maine as five tons of powder for the ships guns detonated. Destroying the forward third of the ship, Maine sank into the harbor. Immediately, assistance came from the American steamer City of Washington and the Spanish cruiser Alfonso XII, with boats circling the burning remains of the battleship to collect the survivors. All told, 252 were killed in the blast, with another eight dying ashore in the days that followed. Investigation Throughout the ordeal, the Spanish showed great compassion for the injured and respect for the dead American sailors. Their behavior led Sigsbee to inform the Navy Department that public opinion should be suspended until further report, as he felt that the Spanish were not involved in the sinking of his ship. To investigate the loss of Maine, the Navy swiftly formed a board of inquiry. Due to the state of the wreck and a lack of expertise, their investigation was not as thorough as subsequent efforts. On March 28, the board announced that the ship had been sunk by a naval mine. The boards finding unleashed a wave of public outrage across the United States and fueled calls for war. While not the cause of the Spanish-American War, shouts of Remember the Maine! served to accelerate the approaching diplomatic impasse over Cuba. On April 11, McKinley asked Congress for permission to intervene in Cuba and ten days later ordered a naval blockade of the island. This final step led to Spain declaring war on April 23, with the United States following suit on the 25th. Aftermath In 1911, a second inquiry was made into the sinking of Maine following a request to remove the wreck from the harbor. Constructing a cofferdam around the ships remains, the salvage effort permitted investigators to probe the wreck. Examining the bottom hull plates around the forward reserve magazine, investigators found that they were bent inward and back. Using this information they again concluded that a mine had been detonated under the ship. While accepted by the Navy, the boards findings were disputed by experts in the field, some of whom put forward a theory that the combustion of coal dust in a bunker adjacent to the magazine had sparked the explosion. Workers preparing to raise the wreck of USS Maine, 1910. US Naval History and Heritage Command The case of USS Maine was reopened in 1974, by Admiral Hyman G. Rickover who believed that modern science might be able to provide an answer to the ships loss. After consulting experts and reexamining the documents from the first two investigations, Rickover and his team concluded that the damage was inconsistent with that caused by a mine. Rickover stated that the most likely cause was a coal dust fire. In the years after Rickovers report, his findings have been disputed and to this day there has been no final answer as to what caused the explosion.

Guns law in the united states Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Guns law in the united states - Essay Example â€Å"†¦a well regulated Militia†¦,† to argue that the amendment meant that it is states and not citizens that have the right to use arms for self-defense. The U.S. Supreme Court has in instances used the collective rights approach and in other instances, the Court has favored the individual right approach. When the Court upholds a collective rights approach, it gives the government the authority to regulate firearm without implicating the Second Amendment. Upholding the individual right approach denies a government the authority to deny citizens the right to possess firearms (Kwon et al 41). Federal laws relating to the regulation of firearms are contained in the chapter forty four of the U.S. Constitution. The federal law prohibits the possession of guns that have serial numbers showing they were manufactured after May 19, 1986 but with exceptions. It is prohibited under federal law to carry short-barreled shotguns, short-barreled rifles, machine guns, silencers and destructive devices unless registered with the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record. Federal law prohibits the possession of firearms by persons including felons, fugitives, users and addicts of controlled substances, mentally defective, illegal aliens, dishonorably discharged from the armed forces, those who renounce U.S. citizenship and those convicted of domestic violence. The commerce of firearms with prohibited persons is prohibited under federal law. Use of firearm in drug trafficking or in the commission of a crime of violence is prohibited under federal law. Under the Brady Act, the fe deral law requires law enforcement officials to conduct background checks before the purchase of handguns. In addition, the federal law prohibits the possession of guns by juveniles less than eighteen years of age. It is also illegal under the federal law to possess a gun in a school (Spitzer 34). There are some gun laws that are common to a number of states and there are gun laws that are

With specific reference to the UK economy over the past 20 years, Essay

With specific reference to the UK economy over the past 20 years, critically discuss the relative advantages and disadvantages of operating a floating exchange rate regime - Essay Example In a floating exchange rate system, the market forces determine the value of the currency; that is, by the interactions of several of banks, firms and other institutions seeking to sell and buy currency for the purposes of clearing transactions, arbitrage, hedging, and speculation. In October 1990, the UK joined the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM), where the Sterling Pound was fixed against other currencies. In September 1992, UK left the ERM when the pound experienced sustained selling pressure, and the monetary authorities could no longer justify extremely high interest rates to maintain the value of the pound, when the domestic economy was under a deep recession. Since 1992, UK has adopted a flexible exchange rate system; there is no official intervention by the Bank of England to the currency markets to attain the desired level of exchange rate (Roderick & Paul 2004, p.143). The following are the key arguments in favor of a flexible exchange rate. First, reduced necessity for currency reserves; there is no target for an exchange rate level meaning there is little necessity for the Bank of England to hold large scale reserves of foreign currency and gold to use in possible official intervention, in the currency markets. However, in the real world, for example, in UK, the government always has some currency reserves, in case of balance of payments crisis, or the sentiment that the Sterling Pound is getting a bit too low or too high (Karl 2010, p.182). Second, useful tool of macroeconomic adjustment; a floating exchange rate may act as a useful instrument of macroeconomic adjustment. For example, depreciation of the currency should provide a boost in demand of net exports and thereby stimulate growth. This assumes that the higher wage claims or export prices do not dissolve the achievements from a low exchange rate as noted

The resistance of the wire Essay Example for Free

The resistance of the wire Essay The atoms take up more space so there is more chance of the electrons being caught by them; more energy is going to be lost as heat. As temperature increases so does resistance. If we increase the cross section there will be a bigger area, so more free electrons available for conduction. More free electrons means a larger current so a better conductor, meaning lower resistance. Materials should effect resistance also because different materials have different amounts of free electrons. The more free electrons means better conductor so lower resistance. Resistance of different materials will vary. I predict that from my experiment my graph will have a straight diaganol line like this. Planning As we increase the length of the wire we will be measuring the voltage when the current is at 1amp. Using these results we will work out the resistance. We do this because we need to find out if the length of a wire effects the resistance of the wire. And from these results find out how we can reduce the resistance of the wire. When measuring we will have to be accurate and make sure that the crocodile clips on the wire are exactly in line with the right measurements. Even 1mm can change the results dramatically. We will also have to ensure that the wire is pulled taught because if its bent up a bit its not stretched out to its full length so are measurements will be wrong and could effect the experiment. We will also make sure that the current does not go over 1-amp. Because the prelim work showed us that after this amount the test will be unfair, and it will be impossible to ensure the results are valid. Because the sellotape melts, and the wire expands and looses shape. In order to get accurate results we will do three repeats of the experiment. Are results are more reliable then because we have three to look at so we know what the measurements should roughly be around and any major errors will stand out. Analysis From doing my experiment and looking at my results I found out that as the length of the wire increases, the resistance increases. This shows that my predictions were accurate as this is what I predicted. From looking at the graph I also notice that it is a straight diagonal line, which is how I predicted it to be. This shows it is directly proportional. As the length of the wire doubles there is double the chance that the electrons will get captured by the metal atoms. Therefore double the resistance. Double length=double resistance 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 gradient = up = ? across cm Evaluation I think my experiment worked well because my results were as I predicted them to be and I did a fair test. Also there wasnt any major errors. From looking at my graph I can see it is a straight diaganol line just as I predicted. This shows it is directly proportional. To imrove my experiment and get more accurate results I could nail or solder the wire down to the ruler. This way it is more secure than the sellotape and it cant move out of position. Instead of using crocodile clips, as these could put a kink in the wire. I could use a knife edge or something metal to just touch the wire, as this is a conductor so still allows a current to flow through. I think I have enough results to be sure of what I wrote in my conclusion. I think this because my results prove the theory as length increases resistance increases. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Electricity and Magnetism section.

Wuthering Heights - Series of Contrasts :: essays research papers

A) Catherine’s love for Heathcliff is torn between both Heathcliff and Edgar Linton – conflicting loyalties. Her love for Heathcliff is prompted by impulses to disregard social conventions. Her love for Heathcliff causes her to throw tantrums and to run around the moor. She considers Heathcliff her soul mate: their life growing up together, their enjoyable times on the moor, and her freedom and innocence of her childhood. â€Å"If I’ve done wrong, I’m dying for it. It is enough! You left me too – but I won’t upbraid you! I forgive you. Forgive me!† represents Catherine’s love and yet her cruel treatment of Heathcliff for marrying Edgar to attain material and social gains. B) In chapter 17 Isabelle returns to the Grange in physical disarray. She saw Heathcliff as a romantic figure, like a character one would find in a novel. Yet, her decision to go with Heathcliff ruins her life. He never returns her feelings and treats her as a tool in his perusal of revenge on the Linton family. C) Both women have an initial desire to be with Heathcliff, while only Isabella ends up marrying Heathcliff. Heathcliff’s love for Isabella is a mere tool to achieve his ultimate goal of revenge. He marries her as a mean of revenge. On the other hand, Heathcliff and Catherine would complete each other, they are soul-mates. Neither of their experiences are successful and they both do not get what they originally desired (the love of their life). 2. A) When Hindley's wife Frances dies shortly after giving birth to their son Hareton, Hindley lapses into alcoholism and dissipation. Nelly expected Hindley to become sober and attend his wife’s funeral. â€Å"'Yesterday, you know, Mr. Earnshaw should have been at the funeral. He kept himself sober for the purpose - tolerably sober: not going to bed mad at six o'clock and getting up drunk at twelve. Consequently, he rose, in suicidal low spirits, as fit for the church as for a dance; and instead, he sat down by the fire and swallowed gin or brandy by tumblerfuls.† B) â€Å"But, I thought in my mind, Hindley, with apparently the stronger head, has shown himself sadly the worse and the weaker man. When his ship struck, the captain abandoned his post; and the crew, instead of trying to save her, rushed into riot and confusion, leaving no hope for their luckless vessel. Linton, on the contrary, displayed the true courage of a loyal and faithful soul: he trusted God; and God comforted him† Wuthering Heights - Series of Contrasts :: essays research papers A) Catherine’s love for Heathcliff is torn between both Heathcliff and Edgar Linton – conflicting loyalties. Her love for Heathcliff is prompted by impulses to disregard social conventions. Her love for Heathcliff causes her to throw tantrums and to run around the moor. She considers Heathcliff her soul mate: their life growing up together, their enjoyable times on the moor, and her freedom and innocence of her childhood. â€Å"If I’ve done wrong, I’m dying for it. It is enough! You left me too – but I won’t upbraid you! I forgive you. Forgive me!† represents Catherine’s love and yet her cruel treatment of Heathcliff for marrying Edgar to attain material and social gains. B) In chapter 17 Isabelle returns to the Grange in physical disarray. She saw Heathcliff as a romantic figure, like a character one would find in a novel. Yet, her decision to go with Heathcliff ruins her life. He never returns her feelings and treats her as a tool in his perusal of revenge on the Linton family. C) Both women have an initial desire to be with Heathcliff, while only Isabella ends up marrying Heathcliff. Heathcliff’s love for Isabella is a mere tool to achieve his ultimate goal of revenge. He marries her as a mean of revenge. On the other hand, Heathcliff and Catherine would complete each other, they are soul-mates. Neither of their experiences are successful and they both do not get what they originally desired (the love of their life). 2. A) When Hindley's wife Frances dies shortly after giving birth to their son Hareton, Hindley lapses into alcoholism and dissipation. Nelly expected Hindley to become sober and attend his wife’s funeral. â€Å"'Yesterday, you know, Mr. Earnshaw should have been at the funeral. He kept himself sober for the purpose - tolerably sober: not going to bed mad at six o'clock and getting up drunk at twelve. Consequently, he rose, in suicidal low spirits, as fit for the church as for a dance; and instead, he sat down by the fire and swallowed gin or brandy by tumblerfuls.† B) â€Å"But, I thought in my mind, Hindley, with apparently the stronger head, has shown himself sadly the worse and the weaker man. When his ship struck, the captain abandoned his post; and the crew, instead of trying to save her, rushed into riot and confusion, leaving no hope for their luckless vessel. Linton, on the contrary, displayed the true courage of a loyal and faithful soul: he trusted God; and God comforted him†